The Yellow-bellied Seedeater is a small passerine bird belonging to the Thraupidae family. It is primarily found in Central and South America, inhabiting open areas such as grasslands, cultivated fields, and forest edges. This bird is notable for its contrasting plumage: the male has a brown back, bright yellow belly, and distinctive black throat, while the female displays duller tones. The Yellow-bellied Seedeater is granivorous, mainly feeding on seeds, but it can also consume small insects. Its song is melodious and varied, making it easily identifiable. Although often solitary, it can form small groups outside the breeding season.

The Double-collared Seedeater is a small passerine bird belonging to the Thraupidae family. It is primarily found in South America, particularly in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Its plumage is generally gray with lighter shades on the belly and a darker cap. Males and females exhibit sexual dimorphism, with males often displaying brighter colors. This bird inhabits various environments, from open forests to agricultural areas and urban gardens. It primarily feeds on seeds but can also consume insects. The Double-collared Seedeater is known for its melodious song and its ability to adapt to different environments.

The Arctic Tern is a migratory bird species primarily found in coastal regions of the Arctic during the summer, and in tropical and subtropical areas during the winter. It measures about 35 to 40 cm in length, with a wingspan of 80 to 100 cm, and weighs between 90 and 130 g. Its plumage is mostly white with gray tones on the back and wings, and its head is black with a distinctive black band around the eyes. The Arctic Tern is famous for its impressive migrations, traveling thousands of kilometers between its breeding sites in the Arctic and its wintering grounds in Africa, Southeast Asia, and Australia. It primarily feeds on fish and marine invertebrates, which it catches by diving into the water. While its population remains stable, the Arctic Tern is threatened by habitat loss, human disturbances, and climate change.

The Sandwich Tern, Sterna sandvicensis, is an elegant seabird known for its white plumage, black cap, and black bill with a yellow tip. It inhabits European and African coasts, nesting in colonies on beaches, islands, and lagoons. It primarily feeds on fish, which it catches by skillfully diving. As a migratory bird, it travels long distances between breeding sites and wintering grounds. The Sandwich Tern is an indicator of coastal ecosystem health, and its conservation is vital in the face of threats like pollution and human disturbance.

The Roseate Tern is an elegant seabird, recognizable by its pure white plumage, graceful wings, and black bill with a red tip. It frequents coasts and islands, often nesting in colonies on sandy beaches or rocky islets. Its flight is agile and fast, often punctuated by spectacular dives to catch fish at the water's surface. A migratory bird, it travels long distances between its breeding sites in Europe and its wintering grounds in Africa or South America. The Roseate Tern is a protected species, as it is vulnerable to human disturbances and predation by introduced species.

The common tern is an elegant seabird easily recognized by its white plumage, light gray back, and bright red beak. It is primarily found along the coasts of Europe, Asia, and North Africa, often near estuaries and rivers. This bird is an excellent fisher, diving with precision into the water to catch fish. The common tern is also known for its swift and graceful flights.

The Royal Tern, or Thalasseus maximus, is an elegant seabird known for its large size and striking white plumage, contrasted by a black cap on its head. Its bright orange bill and long, slender wings give it a majestic appearance in flight. It primarily inhabits Atlantic coasts and estuaries, feeding on fish caught with precision diving. Sociable by nature, it nests in dense colonies on sandy islets or isolated beaches. Although its conservation status is currently "least concern," it remains sensitive to human disturbances and habitat degradation.

The Thorn-tailed Rayadito, or Aphrastura spinicauda, is a small bird endemic to the temperate forests of southern South America, particularly in Chile and Argentina. It measures about 14 cm in length and is distinguished by its long, spiny tail, which gives it its name. Its plumage is primarily brown with shades of rufous and black, and it features a distinctive white stripe above the eye. This bird is often seen moving nimbly through branches in search of insects and spiders, which make up the bulk of its diet. Known for its social nature, it is often spotted in small groups or pairs, and is recognized for its melodious and complex song.

The Pale-breasted Spinetail is a small bird from the Furnariidae family, primarily found in South America. It is characterized by its reddish-brown plumage and lighter, almost white breast. This bird is often seen in dense undergrowth and secondary forests, where it moves nimbly in search of food. It primarily feeds on insects and small invertebrates, which it finds by foraging through foliage and low branches. The Pale-breasted Spinetail is known for its distinctive song, a series of rapid, repetitive trills that echo through its habitat. Although relatively common within its range, it remains elusive and difficult to spot due to its wary behavior and preference for densely vegetated areas.

The Ruddy Shelduck, or Tadorna ferruginea, is a medium-sized waterfowl known for its striking orange-brown plumage and pale head. Males and females look similar, though males have a black neck ring during the breeding season. This bird favors open habitats near freshwater, such as lakes and rivers. It is primarily herbivorous, feeding on aquatic plants, but may also eat insects and small invertebrates. The Ruddy Shelduck is a partial migrant, moving southward in winter. It is often seen in pairs or small groups and is known for its distinctive, melodious call.

The Radjah Shelduck, scientifically known as Tadorna tadornoides, is a medium-sized waterfowl distinguished by its striking white plumage and distinctive black markings on its wings and back. Native to Australia and New Guinea, it primarily inhabits wetlands, marshes, and rivers. This duck is often seen in pairs or small groups, feeding on aquatic plants, insects, and small crustaceans. Its breeding season typically coincides with the rainy season, providing a resource-rich environment for raising its young. The Radjah Shelduck is appreciated for its beauty and relatively tolerant behavior, making it a favored subject for wildlife photographers.

The Common Shelduck is a large duck with a distinctive plumage, measuring between 58 and 67 cm in length. It is identified by its glossy greenish-black head, white body with a broad chestnut band, and bright red bill. Males have a prominent knob at the base of the bill, which females lack. This species inhabits estuaries, lagoons, salt marshes, tidal mudflats, and shallow lake shores, often in flocks. It nests in burrows or cavities, sometimes dug into dunes or embankments. The shelduck primarily feeds on aquatic invertebrates such as mollusks, worms, and crustaceans, filtered from the mud. While generally secure, it is vulnerable to coastal wetland destruction.

The Purple Swamphen, or Porphyrio porphyrio, is a striking waterbird known for its vivid blue-purple plumage and bright red bill. It primarily inhabits marshes, lakes, and wetlands with dense vegetation. This bird is recognized for its graceful walk and swimming ability. The Purple Swamphen is omnivorous, feeding on aquatic plants, insects, and small animals. It is often seen walking on water lilies thanks to its long toes. Although generally discreet, it can be noisy, emitting loud and varied calls. Its presence is an indicator of healthy aquatic ecosystems.

The Purplish-mantled Tanager, scientifically known as Iridosornis porphyrocephalus, is a vibrant bird belonging to the Thraupidae family. It inhabits the humid forests of the Andes, where its striking plumage stands out. The bird's head is a distinctive purplish hue, contrasting with a body of blue and green shades. It measures about 15 cm in length and weighs between 20 and 30 grams. Its diet consists mainly of insects and fruits found in the dense canopy. Although discreet, it is often detected by its melodious song. The Purplish-mantled Tanager is an important indicator of the health of Andean forest ecosystems, and its presence signifies a rich and preserved biodiversity.

The Blue-necked Tanager, scientifically known as Tangara cyanicollis, is a vibrant bird belonging to the Thraupidae family. It is easily identifiable by its striking blue head and neck, contrasting with a black body and green wings. This bird measures about 13 cm in length and weighs between 16 and 19 grams. It is primarily found in the humid tropical forests of South America, particularly in Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil. The Blue-necked Tanager feeds mainly on fruits, nectar, and insects. It is often seen in small groups or pairs, actively moving through the canopy in search of food.

The Yellow-winged Tanager, or Thraupis abbas, is a colorful and fascinating bird found primarily in the tropical and subtropical forests of Central America. This medium-sized passerine boasts a striking plumage, with distinctive yellow wings contrasting against its blue-gray body. Males and females exhibit little sexual dimorphism, although males are often slightly more vibrant. The Yellow-winged Tanager is a sociable bird, often seen in small groups, feeding mainly on fruits but also on insects. Its melodious and varied song is a delight for birdwatchers. Although relatively common in its natural habitat, it is essential to preserve the forests where it resides to ensure its long-term survival.

The Paradise Tanager, known for its vibrant plumage, is a fascinating bird from the tropical forests of South America. Its head is a bright green, contrasting with a turquoise blue body and black wings. It measures about 13 to 15 cm in length and weighs between 15 and 20 grams. This bird primarily feeds on fruits, insects, and nectar, playing a crucial role in pollination and seed dispersal. It lives in social groups and is often seen in the company of other tanager species. Its song is melodious, composed of varied and pleasant notes. Although its habitat is threatened by deforestation, it is still widely distributed and not considered endangered.

The Rufous-capped Warbler, or Thlypopsis ruficeps, is a small, colorful bird primarily found in the humid forests and wooded areas of South America. Its distinctly rufous head contrasts with its more neutral-toned body, making it a captivating sight for birdwatchers. Often seen in small groups, it moves nimbly through foliage in search of insects and fruits. Although discreet, its melodious song often betrays its presence. This tanager is a perfect example of birds adapting to specific ecological niches, using its plumage for camouflage while exploiting available food resources in its habitat.

The Grass-green Tanager, or Chlorornis riefferii, is a vibrant and fascinating bird primarily found in the humid forests of the Andes. With its bright green plumage, it is distinguished by a reddish head and a robust beak. This bird measures about 20 cm in length and feeds mainly on fruits, insects, and nectar. It is often seen in small groups, moving nimbly through dense foliage. Although its habitat is relatively stable, deforestation poses a potential threat. The Grass-green Tanager is a symbol of Andean biodiversity and plays a crucial role in seed dispersal, contributing to the health of its ecosystem.

The Bishop Tanager is a small, colorful bird found primarily in the tropical forests and wooded areas of Central and South America, notably in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela. It typically measures about 18 cm in length and weighs between 20 and 30 g. Its plumage is especially vibrant, with shades of green, yellow, and red, giving it a striking appearance, which is why it is named as such. The Bishop Tanager is frugivorous, primarily feeding on fruits, berries, and seeds, but it can also eat insects. This bird is known for its social behaviors, living in small groups or pairs, and is often observed moving through trees in search of food. While its population remains stable, it is sometimes threatened by deforestation and the loss of its natural habitat.

The Blue-gray Tanager, known for its striking blue-gray plumage, is a medium-sized bird found primarily in Central and South America. Its plumage is a blend of pale blue and gray, with brighter shades on the wings and tail. Often seen in pairs or small groups, it feeds on fruits, nectar, and insects. This bird is highly adaptable and can be found in various habitats, including tropical forests, gardens, and urban areas. The Blue-gray Tanager is cherished for its melodious song and sociable nature, making it a favorite among bird watchers.

The Wood Stork, or Mycteria americana, is a large wading bird known for its striking white plumage contrasted by its black head and neck. It has a long, sturdy bill, slightly curved, perfect for catching aquatic prey. This majestic bird primarily inhabits wetlands, such as marshes and mangroves, where it feeds on fish, crustaceans, and insects. The Wood Stork is often seen in groups, making it easier to spot. Although it is relatively tolerant of human presence, it is essential to maintain a respectful distance to avoid disturbing its natural behavior. Its breeding season varies by region but generally coincides with the rainy season, ensuring an abundance of food for the young.

The Yellow-billed Stork, or Mycteria ibis, is a large wading bird known for its distinctive downward-curved yellow bill and predominantly white plumage with contrasting black wings. It inhabits the wetlands of sub-Saharan Africa, feeding on fish, crustaceans, and insects. This gregarious bird is often seen in groups, especially during the breeding season. The Yellow-billed Stork nests in trees, often in mixed colonies with other wading birds. Although not currently threatened, habitat degradation poses a potential risk to its populations.

The Saxicola dacotiae, known as the Canary Islands Stonechat, is a small bird endemic to the Canary Islands, specifically Fuerteventura. This passerine is characterized by its brownish-red and white plumage, with a dark head and light belly. It primarily inhabits arid and semi-arid areas, scrublands, and rocky zones. The Canary Islands Stonechat is a sedentary bird, meaning it does not migrate and remains in its territory year-round. It feeds mainly on insects, which it catches on the ground or in flight. Although its habitat is limited, it adapts well to local conditions. However, it is considered vulnerable due to habitat degradation.

The whinchat is a small passerine bird found primarily in meadows, cultivated fields, and open areas across Europe and Asia. It is easily recognized by its brown and beige plumage, orange chest, and white markings on its head. This small bird primarily feeds on insects, which it catches by flying or by perching to observe its surroundings. The whinchat is also known for its territorial behavior and distinctive song.

The European Stonechat, Saxicola torquata, is a small passerine bird belonging to the Muscicapidae family. It is easily identifiable by its distinctive plumage: the male has a black head, white throat, and orange-brown back, while the female is duller with brownish tones. This bird is often seen perched on bushes or fences, watching for insects to feed on. It inhabits open areas such as meadows, heaths, and agricultural lands. The European Stonechat is a resident bird in temperate regions, but some populations migrate south in winter. It is known for its melodious song and short, sharp calls.

The Eurasian siskin is a small passerine of 11–12 cm with yellow-green plumage streaked with black and dark wings. It inhabits coniferous and mixed woodlands, especially alder and birch stands, feeding mainly on cone seeds and small herbaceous seeds. During breeding, pairs nest in mid-canopy conifers and raise 2–3 broods per year.

The Western Capercaillie, or Lyre Grouse, is a large bird primarily found in the coniferous forests and wooded areas of Eastern and Northern Europe, notably in Scandinavia, Russia, and Poland. It typically measures about 40 to 50 cm in length and weighs between 500 and 800 g. Its plumage is mainly brown and black, with white markings and red hues on the chest. The Lyre Grouse is particularly famous for the spectacular courtship dance of the male, who spreads his feathers in a lyre shape to attract a female. It primarily inhabits dense forest habitats and feeds on berries, seeds, young shoots, and insects. While its population remains relatively stable in some areas, the Lyre Grouse is threatened by habitat loss, deforestation, and human disturbances.

The Wallcreeper is a small bird found primarily in rocky cliffs and mountains of Europe, notably in the Alps, the Pyrenees, and the Carpathians. It typically measures about 14 to 16 cm in length and weighs between 12 and 20 g. Its plumage is characterized by distinct patterns of white, gray, and black, with very prominent white markings on its wings. The Wallcreeper is an excellent climber, capable of moving on almost vertical rock faces thanks to its strong claws. It primarily feeds on insects, small arachnids, and larvae that it finds in rock crevices. Although it is a relatively rare bird, the Wallcreeper is threatened by the disturbance of its rocky habitats, particularly due to urbanization and the exploitation of natural resources.

The Highland Tinamou, or Nothocercus bonapartei, is a medium-sized ground bird belonging to the Tinamidae family. It is primarily found in the humid forests of the Andes, ranging from Venezuela to Bolivia. This elusive bird is more often heard than seen, due to its cryptic plumage that blends seamlessly into the dense undergrowth. It feeds mainly on fallen fruits, seeds, and insects. The Highland Tinamou is a solitary bird, although it can sometimes be observed in small groups. Its ability to run swiftly and fly short distances allows it to escape predators. Despite its elusive nature, it plays a crucial role in seed dispersal, aiding forest regeneration.