Animal Species Profiles:
Mammals, Birds, Reptiles & More
Explore wildlife from around the world with the species profiles on WildlifePhotographer. Mammals, birds, reptiles… For each species, you’ll find key information such as habitat, observation periods, distribution, and photography tips. Want more details and advanced features? Download the full app for the complete experience.
Green anaconda
Eunectes murinus
The Green Anaconda is one of the largest and most powerful snakes in the world, known for its impressive size, which can exceed 8 meters in length. This semi-aquatic snake lives in the rivers and swamps of the tropical forests of South America, where it preys on animals as large as caimans, deer, and fish. With its muscular body and constriction technique, the Anaconda can immobilize and swallow prey much larger than itself. It spends most of its time in the water, where it moves with remarkable agility.
Although often feared, the Green Anaconda is a discreet predator, preferring to camouflage itself in dense vegetation while waiting for prey.
Green anole
Anolis carolinensis
The Anolis carolinensis, commonly known as the green anole, is a small arboreal lizard native to the southeastern United States. It is easily recognizable by its bright green color, although it can change to brown depending on its mood or environment. Typically measuring between 12 and 20 cm, this anole has a long tail and adhesive toes that allow it to climb easily. It primarily feeds on insects and plays an important role in controlling pest insect populations. The green anole is often seen in gardens, forests, and urban areas, where it adapts well to human presence.
Goshawk
Accipiter gentilis
The Northern Goshawk is an elegant and powerful raptor, known for its slender silhouette and rapid, erratic flight through dense forests. This medium-sized hawk primarily inhabits temperate forests in Europe, Asia, and North America, where it hunts birds, primarily wood pigeons, doves, and sometimes smaller prey. The Northern Goshawk is an exceptional hunter, using its speed and precise aerial maneuvers to catch its prey.
Despite its remarkable flying skills, the Northern Goshawk is discreet and often difficult to spot, preferring to blend into its forest environment. While not currently threatened, habitat loss and human disturbance pose risks to its population.
Greenland whale
Balaena mysticetus
The Greenland whale is one of the largest baleen whales, with a size that can reach 16 to 18 meters. It lives in the icy waters of the Arctic and primarily feeds on krill and small fish, filtering them through its baleen plates. It is a long-lived animal, with a lifespan that can exceed 200 years. While protected, it is threatened by climate change, pollution, and ship collisions.
Green crested basilisk
Basiliscus plumifrons
The Green Crested Basilisk is an impressive species native to the tropical forests of Central America. This lizard is famous for the distinctive crest on its head and back, as well as for its ability to run on water, earning it the nickname 'Jesus Christ lizard.' It uses this ability to escape predators by running at high speed across shallow water surfaces. Primarily arboreal, it spends much of its life in trees and bushes, where it feeds on small insects, fruits, and flowers. This lizard is also known for its bright green color and distinctive patterns.
Great Snipe
Lymnocryptes minimus
The Jack Snipe is a small, discreet wader, often difficult to spot due to its cryptic plumage that blends perfectly with its environment. This small bird, with its brown and mottled plumage, primarily inhabits marshes and bogs in Northern Europe and Asia. It feeds on invertebrates, mainly worms, insects, and mollusks, which it finds by probing the mud with its short, straight bill.
The Jack Snipe adopts a stealthy behavior and is often observed hiding in dense vegetation or freezing when threatened. While more difficult to observe due to its discretion, it is threatened by habitat loss and changes in the hydrological regime in its breeding areas.
Gray wagtail
Motacilla cinerea
The gray wagtail is a small bird found primarily near rivers, streams, and wetlands across Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. This passerine bird is distinguished by its gray and yellow plumage, long tail, and lively, jittery movements. It primarily feeds on insects, which it catches while running along riverbanks and searching through rocks. The gray wagtail is also known for its territorial behaviors and pleasant song.
Great hornbill
Buceros bicornis
The great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) is a large forest bird (95–120 cm long, weighing 2–3.4 kg) known for its massive yellow bill topped by a hollow casque. It inhabits humid tropical and gallery forests from India to Vietnam, at elevations from sea level to 1500 m. Primarily frugivorous, it feeds on figs and various fruits, supplementing its diet with small vertebrates and insects. Monogamous and territorial, pairs remain together year-round. During the breeding season (01.01–31.05), the male and female engage in loud duets and casque-butting displays. After pairing, the female seals herself within a tree cavity and incubates 1–2 eggs for 38–40 days, receiving food through a narrow slit provided by the male.
Gadwall
Mareca strepera
The Gadwall is a medium-sized dabbling duck, measuring between 46 and 56 cm in length with a wingspan of 78 to 90 cm. The male has finely patterned gray plumage with a distinctive white wing patch visible in flight, a black rump, and a dark bill. The female is mottled brown with an orange-edged dark bill. This species inhabits wetlands such as marshes, ponds, lakes, and flooded meadows rich in aquatic vegetation. It feeds mainly on leaves, stems, and seeds of aquatic plants, but also consumes aquatic invertebrates, especially during the breeding season. The Gadwall is a partial migrant, breeding in Eurasia and North America, and wintering in more southern regions. Although listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, it is sensitive to wetland degradation and pollution.
Golden Jackal
Canis aureus
The Golden Jackal is a small canid found primarily in South Asia, the Middle East, and Southeastern Europe. It is easily recognizable by its golden fur, which ranges from pale yellow to golden brown, allowing it to blend into the landscapes of grasslands, open forests, and savannas. The Golden Jackal has a more slender body and relatively long legs compared to other jackals, enabling it to be an excellent runner.
Opportunistic by nature, the Golden Jackal feeds on a wide variety of prey, ranging from small mammals and birds to fruits and carrion. Although often solitary or in small family groups, the Golden Jackal can occasionally be seen in larger groups while foraging for food. It is also known for its varied vocalizations and skilled hunting behavior. While its population remains relatively stable, it faces threats such as habitat loss and human conflict.
Green Sandpiper
Actitis hypoleucos
The Common Sandpiper is a small, agile, and active wader, easily recognizable by its light brown plumage, speckled with darker spots, and its long, slender legs. It is also distinguished by its short, straight bill and its energetic and nervous behavior. It is commonly found along riverbanks, estuaries, marshes, and lakes, where it hunts by running along the shores, capturing small insects, worms, and crustaceans found in the mud and shallow water.
This migratory bird typically breeds in temperate regions of Europe and Asia and migrates to North Africa for the winter. While the population of the Common Sandpiper remains stable in many regions, the species is threatened by the loss of wetland habitats and the effects of climate change, which alters aquatic ecosystems. The species is protected in some areas where it is found.
Great grey owl
Strix nebulosa
The Great Grey Owl is a large nocturnal raptor, easily recognizable by its broad facial disc and piercing yellow eyes. Its plumage is primarily gray and brown, with lighter markings on the belly and wings. It has a massive build, a round head, and long wings that allow it to fly silently. This raptor primarily inhabits boreal forests and northern regions of Europe, Asia, and North America.
The Great Grey Owl primarily hunts small mammals, such as hares, rodents, and birds. It has a remarkable ability to locate its prey with its keen hearing and silent flight. It is a solitary owl, preferring dense forests where it can hide during the day. While its population remains generally stable, it is threatened by deforestation, habitat loss, and human disturbances. It is protected in many areas to ensure the preservation of its forest habitats.
Guereza colobus
Colobus guereza
The Guereza Colobus is a large primate belonging to the family Cercopithecidae, easily recognized by its distinctive black and white fur. It has a white mane around its face, white limbs, and a long, bushy tail that helps it stabilize in the trees. Its black body is contrasted by tufts of white fur along the sides and back, making it one of the most elegant primates of the forest. It primarily lives in the tropical and subtropical forests of East Africa, spending most of its time in the trees.
The Guereza Colobus is primarily herbivorous, feeding on leaves, fruits, seeds, and flowers. With its specialized stomach, it can digest tough, fibrous leaves that other animals cannot consume. It lives in social groups led by a dominant male and is generally very calm, moving gracefully and agilely through the forest canopy. Although its population remains stable in some protected areas, it faces threats due to deforestation and hunting, causing some populations to be classified as vulnerable.
Golden Parakeet
Guaruba guarouba
The Golden Parakeet, or Guaruba guarouba, is a medium-sized bird known for its bright yellow plumage and green wings. Native to the Amazon rainforest in Brazil, it is often seen in noisy flocks. This species is threatened by deforestation and illegal trade. It primarily feeds on fruits, seeds, and flowers. Its social behavior is characterized by strong interaction within groups, and it is known for its curious and playful nature. The Golden Parakeet is a symbol of Amazonian biodiversity and the importance of conserving natural habitats.
Golden poison dart frog
Atelopus zeteki
The golden poison dart frog is an iconic species of frog found in the humid tropical forests of Panama. It is famous for its vibrant golden-yellow color and is one of the most poisonous amphibians in the world. It primarily feeds on insects and small invertebrates found in its natural habitat. Unfortunately, this species is critically endangered due to habitat loss and diseases, and it is currently classified as endangered.
Green and black poison dart frog
Dendrobates auratus
The Golden Poison Dart Frog is a small, vibrant, and colorful frog from the Dendrobatidae family. This species typically measures between 2 and 3 centimeters in length and is easily recognized by its golden skin, often speckled with black. It primarily inhabits the humid tropical forests of Central and South America, particularly in Costa Rica and Panama. The Golden Poison Dart Frog feeds mainly on small insects, ants, and mites. It is known for its toxicity, which comes from its diet, particularly from certain ants and beetles that contain alkaloids. These toxins serve as a defense mechanism against predators. This species is also known for its social behaviors and vocalizations during the breeding season. The eggs of the Golden Poison Dart Frog are laid on the forest floor, and the tadpoles develop in small pools of water or on decaying leaves. While this species is not currently endangered, it is threatened by deforestation and the destruction of its natural habitat.
Golden poison dart frog
Phyllobates terribilis
The Golden poison dart frog, also known as the Terrible Dart Frog, is considered one of the most toxic animals in the world. Native to the tropical forests of Colombia, this small frog is distinguished by its bright yellow color, which serves as a warning to predators of its toxicity. It derives its toxin from its diet, primarily consisting of insects found in its natural habitat. These frogs are not toxic in captivity as their diet changes. Despite its toxicity, it has been used by some cultures to poison the tips of their arrows, earning it the name 'poison dart frog.'
Gila monster
Heloderma suspectum
The Gila monster is a large venomous lizard, reaching 30–56 cm in length, with a robust body and bead-like scales patterned in yellow, pink, and black. Native to the deserts of the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico, it inhabits scrubland, succulent desert, and oak woodland, feeding mainly on small mammals, birds, and eggs. As the breeding season (April to June) approaches, males become territorial and exhibit dominance displays by lifting their bodies and bobbing their heads before mating.
Giant Eland
Tragelaphus derbianus
The Giant Eland, or Tragelaphus derbianus, is a large, robust, and majestic antelope, easily recognizable by its spiral-shaped horns, present only in males. It measures between 1.4 and 1.7 meters at the shoulder and can reach a length of 2.5 to 3 meters, including its tail. Its weight ranges between 600 and 1,000 kg, making it one of the largest antelopes. Its coat is generally light brown to gray, with white markings on the belly and throat. The Giant Eland primarily inhabits open savannas, light forests, and mountainous regions in Central and West Africa, mainly in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Gabon, and Angola. Herbivorous, the Giant Eland primarily feeds on grasses, leaves, and fruits, and it is capable of consuming a wide variety of vegetation, allowing it to adapt to different environments. It is a social animal that lives in family groups or small herds. While the species is classified as of least concern, it is threatened by habitat loss and hunting.
Gyrfalcon
Falco rusticolus
The gyrfalcon, or Falco rusticolus, is the largest of the falcons, known for its robustness and ability to survive in harsh Arctic environments. Its impressive size, with a wingspan reaching up to 160 cm, and its variable plumage ranging from pure white to dark grey, make it a spectacular bird. It is primarily found in circumpolar regions, nesting on cliffs and isolated mountains. A formidable predator, it mainly hunts medium-sized birds such as ptarmigans and ducks. The gyrfalcon is a symbol of power and majesty in many Nordic cultures. Its population is stable, although locally threatened by climate change and human disturbance.
Garden warbler
Sylvia borin
The garden warbler is a small passerine bird found primarily in hedgerows, gardens, and bushes across Europe and Asia. It is easily recognized by its grey-olive plumage, light belly, and keen eyes. This small bird is especially known for its powerful and melodious song, which it performs during the breeding season. It primarily feeds on insects and berries, which it finds in bushes and trees.
Greater Flamingo
Phoenicopterus roseus
The Greater Flamingo is a large bird with distinctive plumage, easily recognizable by its vivid colors and graceful silhouette. It stands about 1.4 to 1.7 meters tall and weighs between 2.5 and 4 kg. Its plumage is primarily pale pink, with more intense shades on the wings, and its long legs and neck give it a majestic posture. The Flamingo's beak is curved downward, allowing it to filter water and feed primarily on plankton, small shrimp, and algae. This bird primarily inhabits wetlands, saline lagoons, and salt marshes, where it often gathers in large colonies. Flamingos feed by dipping their heads into the water while walking in shallow waters, using their beaks to filter food. While the species is not threatened, it faces risks related to habitat loss, pollution, and human disturbance.
Gaur
Bos gaurus
The Gaur is a large bovine, considered one of the most impressive species of wild cattle. It stands between 1.8 and 2 meters at the withers and can weigh from 500 to 1,000 kg, with males generally being larger and heavier than females. Its coat is dark, typically black or dark brown, with light markings on the legs and a distinctive mane around the neck. The Gaur primarily inhabits dense forests and mountains in South and Southeast Asia, especially in India, Nepal, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Herbivorous, it primarily feeds on grasses, young shoots, leaves, and fruits. The Gaur is a social animal, living in groups, although it is often observed alone or in small groups while foraging. Due to hunting, habitat loss, and conflicts with human populations, the Gaur is listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Ganges gavial
Gavialis gangeticus
The Ganges gavial is a distinctive crocodilian, easily recognized by its long, narrow snout that allows it to capture fish in the rivers of the Indian subcontinent. This aquatic reptile is primarily found in the rivers of the Ganges and its tributaries in India and Nepal. The Ganges gavial is an excellent swimmer and feeds almost exclusively on fish, which it captures using its long, slender snout like a pincer. Although relatively calm, it is listed as endangered due to habitat loss and river pollution. It is currently protected by conservation programs.
Goitered gazelle
Gazella subgutturosa
The goitered gazelle, or Gazella subgutturosa, is a species of gazelle known for its enlarged neck, particularly in males. It primarily inhabits the steppes and deserts of Central Asia and the Middle East. This gazelle is well adapted to arid environments and can survive with minimal water, feeding on drought-resistant plants. It is known for its speed and agility, which help it evade natural predators. Males have lyre-shaped horns, while females have smaller horns or none at all. The goitered gazelle is a vulnerable species due to hunting and habitat loss.
Grant’s Gazelle
Nanger granti
The Grant's Gazelle is an elegant, medium-sized antelope, easily recognizable by its long legs and generally sandy-colored coat with distinctive markings. It stands about 75 cm at the withers and weighs between 40 and 60 kg. The coat of the Grant's Gazelle is primarily beige with darker vertical stripes along the flanks and a black stripe running across its back. Adult males have long, slightly curved horns in the shape of a lyre, while females generally lack them. This gazelle primarily inhabits savannas, grasslands, and wooded areas in East Africa, particularly in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Herbivorous, it primarily feeds on herbaceous plants, leaves, fruits, and bark. Very fast and agile, the Grant's Gazelle can reach speeds of up to 80 km/h, allowing it to escape many predators. Although the species is not endangered, it faces threats such as habitat loss, hunting, and competition with livestock for food resources.
Green Jay
Cyanocorax yncas
The Green Jay, or Cyanocorax yncas, is a striking bird with vibrant plumage, primarily green with shades of blue and yellow. It inhabits the tropical and subtropical forests of Central and South America. This sociable bird lives in groups and is known for its intelligence and tool-using abilities. It primarily feeds on insects, fruits, and seeds. The Green Jay is also an excellent mimic of sounds, allowing it to communicate effectively with its peers. Its presence is often marked by its distinctive calls and agile flight through the dense canopy.
Gemsbok
Oryx gazella
The Gemsbok is a large, sturdy antelope native to the arid regions of Southern Africa. It stands between 1.2 and 1.5 meters at the withers and weighs between 200 and 250 kg. Its coat is primarily gray or beige, with white markings on the belly, legs, and face, giving it a distinctive appearance. It has long, straight horns, which can reach up to 1 meter in length, and are characteristic of the species. The Gemsbok inhabits savannas, steppes, and deserts, where it feeds primarily on herbaceous plants, roots, and fruits. It is well adapted to extreme heat and drought conditions, thanks to its ability to reduce its body temperature and feed on sparse vegetation. While the Gemsbok is capable of surviving in desert environments, it is also able to travel long distances in search of food and water. The species is not currently endangered, but it faces threats related to habitat loss and hunting.
Gerenuk
Litocranius walleri
The Gerenuk is a unique species of antelope from East Africa, recognizable by its long neck and graceful posture. It lives in savannas and semi-deserts, where it primarily feeds on shrubs and tree leaves. The Gerenuk is an excellent climber, capable of standing on its hind legs to reach high vegetation. This ability allows it to feed efficiently and avoid competition with other ground-dwelling herbivores. Although relatively discreet, the Gerenuk is threatened by habitat loss and poaching.
Gibbon
Hylobatidae
Gibbons, members of the Hylobatidae family, are primates particularly known for their agility and their ability to move through the canopy. They are the smallest of the great apes, measuring between 40 and 70 cm in height, with long, powerful arms that can reach up to 2.5 times the length of their body. Their weight typically ranges from 5 to 15 kg, depending on the species. Gibbons are primarily known for their mode of locomotion called "brachiation," where they move by swinging from branch to branch at impressive speeds, often at high altitudes. Their fur is typically dense, varying in color from black to light brown, and some species have distinct facial markings. Gibbons primarily inhabit the tropical forests of Southeast Asia, where they feed mainly on fruits, leaves, and small insects. These primates are social and typically live in small family groups. While gibbons are not all at immediate risk, several species are endangered due to habitat loss, poaching, and the illegal wildlife trade.
Glaucous gull
Larus hyperboreus
The Glaucous Gull is a large seabird, easily recognizable by its imposing size and distinctive plumage. It measures between 60 and 70 cm in length, with a wingspan of 140 to 150 cm, and weighs between 1.2 and 2.5 kg. Its plumage is primarily white, with light gray wings and black markings on the tips of the feathers. The head and beak are generally yellow, with a red band on the beak. This gull is an excellent swimmer and an opportunistic hunter, feeding mainly on fish, crustaceans, and human waste when near urban areas or ports. The Glaucous Gull primarily inhabits coastal regions of the Arctic and North Atlantic and is well adapted to cold, marine environments. Although it is not endangered, it faces risks related to pollution, habitat loss, and human disturbances.
Great Black-backed Gull
Larus marinus
The Great Black-backed Gull, Larus marinus, is the largest gull, with an impressive wingspan of up to 1.7 meters. Its plumage is mainly white with a black back, and it has pink legs. Found primarily along the North Atlantic coasts, it feeds on fish, smaller birds, and carrion. Opportunistic, it often ventures into ports and landfills for food. Although often solitary, it can be seen in groups during nesting. Its call is loud and harsh, typical of gulls. During the breeding season, it builds its nest on cliffs or rocky islands, usually laying three eggs.
Great green macaw
Ara ambiguus
The Great Green Macaw is a large, colorful, and majestic parrot known for its vibrant green plumage, with touches of blue, yellow, and red on the wings and face. It measures about 85 to 95 cm in length, with a wingspan of 1.2 to 1.4 meters, and weighs between 900 and 1,200 g. Its dominant green plumage is complemented by blue feathers on the wings and red around the face and chest. The Great Green Macaw primarily inhabits the tropical rainforests of Central and South America, notably in Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, Costa Rica, and Nicaragua. It feeds mainly on fruits, nuts, seeds, and flowers. This parrot is highly social and typically lives in family or small groups, but can also be seen in large flocks in its natural habitat. Although the Great Green Macaw is not yet immediately endangered, it faces threats such as habitat loss, illegal wildlife trade, and deforestation.
Great cormorant
Phalacrocorax carbo
The great cormorant is a large waterbird found across much of Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It is easily recognized by its glossy black plumage, long neck, and sharp, pointed beak. This cormorant primarily feeds on fish, which it catches by diving into the water, using its diving technique to capture prey underwater. The great cormorant is also an excellent swimmer and powerful flier.
Greater Kudu
Tragelaphus strepsiceros
The Greater Kudu is an elegant, large antelope, easily recognized by its long, slender legs, streamlined body, and impressive spiral-shaped horns. It stands between 1.3 and 1.6 meters at the withers, with males weighing between 190 and 270 kg, and females weighing between 120 and 180 kg. Its coat is light gray to brown, with vertical white stripes on the body, which help it blend into forests and savannas. Males have long, spiral-shaped horns that can reach up to 1.5 meters in length, while females lack horns. The Greater Kudu primarily inhabits open forests, wooded areas, and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa, notably in East and Southern Africa. Herbivorous, it feeds mainly on leaves, bark, and fruits. This antelope is rather discreet and shy, typically living alone or in small family groups. While it is not currently in immediate danger, the Greater Kudu is threatened by habitat loss and hunting.
Great skua
Stercorarius skua
The Great Skua is a large, powerful seabird, belonging to the Stercorariidae family. It measures about 50 to 60 cm in length, with a wingspan of 120 to 130 cm, and weighs between 500 and 1,000 g. Its plumage is primarily brown and gray, with white markings on the wings and a generally dark head. The Great Skua is a migratory bird, found mainly in the coastal regions of the North Atlantic, particularly in Northern Europe, Iceland, Greenland, and parts of Canada. It is especially known for its piratical behavior, stealing food from other seabirds, such as gulls or fishing birds, by chasing them and forcing them to abandon their catch. While territorial, it is also an excellent swimmer and diver, feeding mainly on fish and crustaceans. The Great Skua is vulnerable to the loss of its coastal habitat and human disturbances, including pollution and disruptions caused by tourism.
Greater mouse-eared bat
Myotis myotis
The greater mouse-eared bat is a medium-sized bat, 7–9 cm in body length, with a 35–43 cm wingspan and weighing 20–40 g. Uniform grey-brown fur, long rounded ears. A cave-dwelling species, forages on the ground and in low flight for beetles and other invertebrates.
Great White Pelican
Pelecanus onocrotalus
The Great White Pelican, or Pelecanus onocrotalus, is a large aquatic bird easily recognizable by its bright white plumage and long, voluminous bill with an expandable pouch. It primarily inhabits freshwater lakes and marshes, but can also be found in estuaries and coastal lagoons. This gregarious bird is often seen in large groups, flying in formation or resting on shores. It feeds mainly on fish, which it catches by dipping its bill into the water. Its collective fishing technique is fascinating, as several individuals form a circle to trap fish. The Great White Pelican is a symbol of cooperation and harmony in nature.
Great horned owl
Bubo virginianus
The Great Horned Owl is a large nocturnal raptor, one of the most imposing owls on the American continent. It measures between 50 and 70 cm in length, with a wingspan of 1.2 to 1.5 meters, and weighs between 1.5 and 2.5 kg. Its plumage is mainly brown, speckled with black, with lighter markings on its belly and wings. It has large tufts of feathers on its head that resemble ears, and piercing yellow eyes. This owl inhabits a variety of habitats, including forests, wooded areas, and open landscapes across North America, notably in the United States, Canada, and Central America. It is primarily nocturnal and carnivorous, feeding on small mammals, birds, and occasionally reptiles. It is also known for its impressive hunting abilities, flying silently to surprise its prey. Although the Great Horned Owl is not currently threatened, it may be affected by habitat loss and human disturbance.
Great Egret
Ardea alba
The Great Egret is a large wading bird, easily recognizable by its entirely white plumage, long legs, and long, sinuous neck. It stands about 85 to 105 cm tall, with a wingspan of 1.3 to 1.7 meters, and weighs between 800 and 1,500 g. The Great Egret has a long, slender yellow beak and bright green eyes. It primarily inhabits wetlands, marshes, estuaries, and lake shores in Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas. This bird is an excellent fisherman, feeding mainly on fish, crustaceans, and aquatic insects, which it captures by diving or slowly probing the water with its beak. During the breeding season, the Great Egret is known for its elegant courtship dances and its plumage adorned with long, delicate feathers, giving it a majestic appearance. While the species is not endangered, it is sometimes threatened by habitat loss and water pollution.
Great Crested Grebe
Podiceps cristatus
The Great Crested Grebe is the largest of the European grebes, measuring between 46 and 51 cm in length with a wingspan of 85 to 90 cm. In breeding plumage, it has a black crest, a reddish collar, and a long, pointed bill. In non-breeding plumage, it is more subdued, with a dark back and a light belly. It inhabits shallow lakes, ponds, and marshes, often surrounded by aquatic vegetation. It primarily feeds on fish, aquatic insects, and small crustaceans. Reproduction occurs in spring and summer, with a clutch of 3 to 6 eggs laid in a floating nest. The young, with black and white striped plumage, are often carried on the parents' backs. A partial migrant, it winters in the Mediterranean and warmer regions. Listed as Least Concern by the IUCN.
Granular glass frog
Cochranella granulosa
The Cochranella Frog is a fascinating amphibian species, known for its translucent skin that allows its internal organs to be visible. Unlike other glass frogs, its skin is slightly granular, which helps it camouflage better in the dense vegetation of its habitat. This frog lives in the humid tropical forests of Central America, mainly in Costa Rica and Panama, where it is found on leaves hanging above streams. Its small size, combined with its discreet behavior, makes it hard to spot. The eggs are laid on leaves above the water, and the tadpoles fall into the stream as they hatch. These frogs are primarily nocturnal and prefer to avoid human interaction.
Green glass frog
Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum
The Glass Frog is a fascinating species of amphibian, known for its translucent skin that allows its internal organs to be visible. It typically measures between 2 and 3 cm long and is commonly found on leaves hanging above streams in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. Its transparent skin serves as an excellent camouflage, helping it blend seamlessly into its environment. This frog’s ability to blend with the vegetation, combined with its small size, makes it hard to spot. Its eggs are laid on leaves above water, and the tadpoles fall into the water once they hatch. This species is nocturnal and somewhat shy, preferring to avoid human interaction.
Goliath frog
Conraua goliath
The Goliath frog is the largest amphibian in the world, capable of measuring up to 32 cm in length and weighing over 3 kg. Native to the rivers and swamps of Cameroon and Gabon, it primarily feeds on insects, fish, and occasionally small mammals. Its large size and rough green skin make it a formidable predator, but it remains discreet and prefers to stay submerged in water. Although not critically endangered, the Goliath frog faces pressures due to habitat destruction.
Grizzly bear
Ursus arctos horribilis
The Grizzly Bear is a subspecies of the brown bear, imposing and robust, often considered one of the most powerful land predators in North America. It measures between 2 and 3 meters in length, with a shoulder height ranging from 1 to 1.5 meters, and weighs between 200 and 680 kg, with males generally being larger than females. Its fur is dense and can range from light to dark brown, sometimes with silver hues that give it a grizzled appearance. The Grizzly primarily inhabits forests, mountains, and prairie areas in North America, notably in Alaska, Canada, the Rocky Mountains, and U.S. national parks like Yellowstone. Omnivorous, it primarily feeds on berries, roots, fish, but also small mammals and sometimes animal carcasses. While feared due to its size and strength, the Grizzly is a shy animal and prefers to avoid human contact. The species is protected in many regions, although its population is still threatened by habitat loss, illegal hunting, and conflicts with humans.
Gray heron
Ardea cinerea
The Grey Heron is a large wading bird, easily recognizable by its slender silhouette, long neck, and large legs. It stands about 90 cm tall, with a wingspan of 1.5 to 1.9 meters, and weighs between 1.5 and 2 kg. Its plumage is primarily gray, with white markings on the belly and underside of the wings, and a white head adorned with distinctive black feathers. It has a long, pointed yellow beak, adapted for capturing its prey, primarily fish, amphibians, insects, and occasionally small mammals. The Grey Heron inhabits wetlands, marshes, rivers, and lakes across Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It is an excellent hunter, patiently waiting by the water's edge to capture its prey with its beak. Although the species is not endangered, it can be vulnerable to water pollution, habitat loss, and human disturbance.
Great curassow
Crax rubra
The Red-shouldered Hawk is a large bird of the Cracidae family, easily recognizable by its imposing plumage and its crest on the head. It measures about 75 to 90 cm in length, with a wingspan of 1.2 to 1.4 meters, and weighs between 2 and 3 kg. Its plumage is primarily brown, with lighter feathers on the belly and distinctive markings on the wings and back. Its head is adorned with a reddish crest, giving it a distinctive appearance. The Red-shouldered Hawk lives primarily in the tropical and subtropical forests of Venezuela, Colombia, and Panama. It is often found in mountainous regions, where it frequents wooded areas and rocky slopes. The Red-shouldered Hawk is primarily herbivorous, feeding on fruits, seeds, and leaves. It is a terrestrial bird, preferring to move by walking rather than flying. Although the species is not critically endangered, it is vulnerable to deforestation and loss of its natural habitat.
Galápagos land iguana
Conolophus subcristatus
Native to the Galápagos Islands, the Galápagos land iguana is a unique species of iguana known for its large size and varying color from yellow to red. It primarily feeds on cactus, flowers, and succulents. The Galápagos land iguana is well adapted to its arid environment and is often seen basking in the sun. While relatively peaceful, this species is threatened by introduced predators and habitat loss.
Green iguana
Iguana iguana
The Green Iguana is a large herbivorous reptile, easily recognizable by its long and sturdy body, as well as its bright green coloration. It measures between 1.5 and 2 meters in length, including its tail, and can weigh between 4 and 5 kg. Its body is covered with large scales and plates, and it has a crest running down its back. Its vibrant green color, especially in young individuals, becomes duller with age. The Green Iguana primarily inhabits tropical forests, mangroves, and wooded areas in Central and South America, as well as parts of the Caribbean. This reptile is primarily herbivorous, feeding on leaves, fruits, flowers, and sometimes young shoots. The Green Iguana is an excellent climber and spends much of its time in trees or resting on branches. While it is a widespread species, it is threatened by deforestation, illegal collection for the wildlife trade, and habitat loss.
Gray wolf
Canis lupus
The Gray Wolf is a large carnivore, often considered the ancestor of all modern subspecies of wolves. It measures between 1.2 and 1.8 meters in length, with a tail of 30 to 50 cm, and weighs between 25 and 40 kg, though some individuals can reach 70 kg. Its coat is typically gray, but it can also include shades of white, brown, and black depending on the region and season. The Gray Wolf lives in a variety of habitats, from deep forests to tundra regions, and from mountains to plains. It is a social predator that lives in packs, cooperating with other members of its group to hunt prey such as deer, elk, bison, and other large mammals. The Gray Wolf plays an essential role in ecosystem balance by regulating herbivore populations. Although it is protected in many areas, it remains threatened by habitat loss, hunting, and conflicts with humans.
Giant otter
Pteronura brasiliensis
The giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) is a semi-aquatic mustelid measuring 1.5–1.8 m in length (including tail) and weighing 22–32 kg. It inhabits slow-moving rivers, marshes, and floodplain lakes in tropical South America from the Orinoco to the Amazon. Highly social, it lives in family groups of 4–20 individuals, digs riverbank dens, and uses loud vocalizations. A specialist carnivore, it hunts fish and crustaceans by diving, propelled by its powerful tail. Females give birth in the dry season (August–September), and group members reinforce bonds through mutual grooming.
Golden mantella
Mantella aurantiaca
The golden mantella is a tiny frog (19–24 mm) with bright orange, toxic skin, living in leaf litter of eastern Madagascar’s rainforests. It feeds on small invertebrates and calls briefly after early wet-season rains to attract mates.
Giant kingfisher
Megaceryle maxima
The Giant Kingfisher is the largest of the kingfisher species, measuring between 40 and 45 cm in length and weighing between 200 and 300 g. It has a distinctive plumage, with a metallic blue back, a gray head, and a white belly. Its bill is particularly long and powerful, suited for capturing large aquatic prey, such as fish, reptiles, and even crustaceans. This kingfisher primarily inhabits the banks of rivers and lakes in sub-Saharan Africa, India, Sri Lanka, and southern China, where it often hunts from branches or rocks above the water. Although it is primarily solitary in its hunting activities, it can sometimes be seen in pairs or families during the breeding season. The Giant Kingfisher is an excellent diver but is also known for its ability to catch prey while flying over the water and striking with its bill at great speed. While the species is widely distributed, it faces threats related to habitat loss and water pollution.
Green kingfisher
Chloroceryle americana
The Green Kingfisher is a small, vibrant aquatic bird, measuring about 25 cm in length and weighing between 50 and 100 g. It is distinguished by its bright green plumage on its back, with a white chest and belly, sometimes tinged with orange. Its bill is long, pointed, and straight, ideal for catching fish and aquatic insects. This kingfisher primarily inhabits North and Central America, especially along rivers, lakes, and marshes. It hunts by diving directly into the water from an elevated perch, such as a tree or electrical wire, to capture its prey. The Green Kingfisher is a territorial bird, often observed alone or in small groups during the breeding season. While it is widely distributed, it faces threats such as water pollution, habitat loss, and human disturbance.
Great tit
Parus major
The great tit is a small, very common tit found across Europe and Western Asia. It is easily recognizable by its bright yellow plumage, black head, and white cheeks. This passerine bird is commonly seen in gardens, parks, and forests, where it feeds primarily on insects, seeds, and berries. The great tit is known for its curious nature and its ability to adapt to different habitats. It is also an excellent climber, often seen foraging in trees and shrubs.
Greylag goose
Anser anser
The greylag goose (Anser anser) is a large migratory waterfowl (75–90 cm in length, 130–160 cm wingspan), distinguished by its smoky-grey plumage, orange bill and pink legs. Found across freshwater wetlands, floodplain meadows and lakes of Europe and Asia, it feeds on grasses, aquatic seeds and mollusks. Highly social, it forms large flocks during migration and wintering. Breeding begins in late February when monogamous pairs perform head-bobbing displays and honking calls. The female lays 5–7 eggs in a ground nest lined with vegetation near water, which incubate for 26–28 days. Precocial goslings leave the nest soon after hatching, grazing and seeking cover alongside parents. In flight, geese famously adopt V formations to conserve energy on long-distance migrations.
Giant Panda
Ailuropoda melanoleuca
The Giant Panda is a large mammal native to the mountains of China, primarily found in the regions of Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu. It measures between 1.2 and 1.8 meters in length and weighs between 70 and 160 kg. What distinguishes it is its black and white coat, with black patches around its eyes, ears, and paws. The Giant Panda is a strict herbivore, feeding almost exclusively on bamboo, although it may occasionally eat fruits, roots, and small animals. It lives in bamboo forests, where it spends most of its day feeding due to the low nutritional value of its diet. The Giant Panda is a symbol of conservation due to its rarity, and although it is still considered vulnerable, conservation efforts have helped stabilize its population.
Ground Pangolin
Smutsia temminckii
The Temminck's Pangolin is a small insectivorous mammal found primarily in Sub-Saharan Africa, notably in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, and Zimbabwe. It measures about 50 to 60 cm in length, with a tail that makes up a significant portion of its size, and weighs between 3 and 7 kg. This pangolin is covered with large scales made of keratin, which protect it from predators. When threatened, it curls into a ball with its scales rolled outward. It primarily feeds on termites and other insects, which it captures with its long, sticky tongue. Although the Temminck's Pangolin is an excellent burrower, it is unfortunately threatened by poaching for its scales and by habitat loss.
Giant Pangolin
Smutsia gigantea
The Giant Pangolin is the largest of the pangolin species, measuring between 1.2 and 1.5 meters in length, with a tail that can account for up to half of its total length. It weighs between 30 and 40 kg. This mammal, covered in large keratin scales, primarily lives in the forests of Central Africa, particularly in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. It is an excellent burrower and primarily feeds on termites and other insects, which it captures with its long tongue. The Giant Pangolin is a nocturnal and solitary species, using its powerful claws to dig burrows or open insect nests. Although its population is not well-known, the Giant Pangolin is threatened by deforestation, illegal hunting, and poaching for its scales, making it a vulnerable species.
Grey Partridge
Perdix perdix
The Grey Partridge is a plump galliform bird, measuring 28–32 cm in length with a wingspan of about 45 cm. It is identified by its mottled brown-grey plumage and a distinctive dark horseshoe-shaped patch on the belly. Males and females are very similar, though the belly patch is usually more defined in males. Found in open farmland, grasslands, fallows, and cultivated fields across Europe and temperate Asia. It is ground-dwelling and sedentary, preferring to run rather than fly when disturbed. Its diet includes seeds, leaves, shoots, and insects, which are vital for chicks. The species is in decline in some areas due to agricultural intensification, habitat loss, and pesticide use.
Gabon grey parrot
Psittacus erithacus
The Gabon grey parrot is an iconic species known for its exceptional intelligence and ability to mimic human sounds. Native to the tropical forests of Central Africa, primarily from Gabon and the Republic of Congo, this parrot has a grey plumage and a distinctive red head. It is a social bird that primarily feeds on fruits, seeds, and nuts. Unfortunately, the species is threatened by deforestation and illegal wildlife trade.
Grey Seal
Halichoerus grypus
The Gray Seal, also known as the Horsehead Seal, is a species of seal found in the coastal waters of the North Atlantic, particularly in Europe and North America. It measures between 2 and 3 meters in length and weighs between 170 and 300 kg. Its fur is typically silver-gray with black spots, and its head is characterized by a wide and elongated snout. The Gray Seal primarily feeds on fish, but also on crustaceans and cephalopods. It spends a lot of time on beaches and rocks for resting and breeding. Although it is not currently threatened, it can be affected by marine pollution, ship collisions, and human disturbance.
Grey-headed Woodpecker
Picus canus
The Grey-headed Woodpecker is a bird belonging to the woodpecker family, primarily found in Eastern Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It measures about 25 to 30 cm in length, with a wingspan of 40 to 45 cm, and weighs between 80 and 120 g. Its plumage is mainly gray, with a black and white head, and a red nape in males. It is distinguished by its sharp call and its ability to drill into tree trunks in search of larvae and insects, which are its primary food source. The Grey-headed Woodpecker lives in mixed forests and wooded areas, often nesting in dead or decaying trees. Although it is not considered threatened, the Grey-headed Woodpecker is vulnerable to deforestation and habitat loss.
Green woodpecker
Picus viridis
The Green Woodpecker is a large bird from the woodpecker family, primarily found in deciduous forests and parks in Europe. It measures about 30 to 35 cm in length, with a wingspan of 45 to 50 cm, and weighs between 200 and 250 g. Its plumage is primarily green, with yellow underparts and a red head in males, while females have a less prominent red patch. The Green Woodpecker is distinguished by its piercing call, which it uses to mark its territory. It primarily feeds on ants and their larvae, which it finds in soft soils and under tree bark, using its beak to pierce the ground and trunks. This bird is an excellent climber and spends much of its time on the ground searching for food. While its population remains relatively stable, the Green Woodpecker can be threatened by habitat loss due to intensive farming and deforestation.
Great grey shrike
Lanius excubitor
The great grey shrike is a small predatory passerine of 22–26 cm with pale grey-brown plumage, a black and white head marked by a broad mask, and pale underparts. It inhabits open habitats with scattered bushes, woodland edges and hedgerows, feeding on insects, small birds and rodents taken from perches.
Grey Plove
Pluvialis squatarola
The Grey Plover is a coastal bird primarily found along beaches and sandy areas in Europe, North Africa, Asia, and North America. It measures about 25 to 30 cm in length, with a wingspan of 60 to 70 cm, and weighs between 100 and 150 g. Its plumage is mainly silver-gray on the back with a white belly, and its wings are marked with black spots. During the breeding season, the Grey Plover displays brighter colors, with black plumage on the chest and head. It primarily feeds on marine worms, insects, and small crustaceans found in the sand, often near the high tide line. While its population remains relatively stable, this species can be threatened by habitat loss, pollution, and human disturbances at its breeding sites.
Golden Plove
Pluvialis apricaria
The Golden Plover is a migratory bird primarily found in tundra areas, open grasslands, and coastal regions in Europe and Asia, as well as in North America's coastal areas during winter. It measures about 25 to 30 cm in length, with a wingspan of 60 to 70 cm, and weighs between 150 and 250 g. Its plumage is primarily golden and black, with characteristic patterns on the chest and abdomen, and lighter coloring on the underside. During the breeding season, the male displays particularly bright plumage adorned with golden spots. The Golden Plover primarily feeds on small invertebrates, insects, and marine worms, which it finds by probing the ground or walking slowly in search of food. While its population remains stable, it can be threatened by habitat loss and human disturbances, particularly during the breeding period.
Green tree python
Morelia viridis
The green tree python is an arboreal snake native to the rainforests of New Guinea and northern Australia. It is easily recognized by its vibrant green color, which helps it blend into the foliage. This python primarily feeds on small mammals, birds, and reptiles, which it captures through ambush. Although non-venomous, it kills its prey by constriction. It is a species that can be very shy, often hiding in trees and foliage.
Gliding Tree Frog
Agalychnis spurrelli
The Gliding Tree Frog is a medium-sized nocturnal arboreal frog, measuring between 5 and 8 cm. It has bright green dorsal coloration during the day, turning darker at night, with orange or bluish hues on its flanks and limbs. Its large red eyes and webbed feet enable it to "fly" from tree to tree by gliding. This species inhabits humid tropical forests in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador, between 15 and 750 m elevation. It resides in the canopy and descends to the ground to breed in temporary pools formed by rains. Breeding is explosive, with thousands of individuals gathering in a single night to lay eggs on leaves overhanging water. Tadpoles fall into the water upon hatching. Although listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, this species is locally threatened by deforestation and habitat loss.
Green tree frog
Hyla cinerea
The green tree frog, Hyla cinerea, is a small arboreal frog native to North America. It is characterized by its bright green color, sometimes adorned with white or golden spots. Its skin is smooth, and it has long limbs adapted for climbing. Measuring about 4 to 6 cm, it is often found near stagnant water bodies like marshes and ponds. Primarily nocturnal, it emits a distinctive call during the breeding season. Although common, it is sensitive to environmental changes, particularly water pollution and habitat destruction.
Gambian pouched rat
Cricetomys gambianus
The Gambian pouched rat, scientifically known as Cricetomys gambianus, is a large rodent native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is easily identifiable by its long tail, large ears, and pointed snout. This nocturnal creature inhabits various environments such as forests, savannas, and agricultural areas. It is renowned for its ability to detect landmines due to its exceptional sense of smell. Although it can be considered a pest in some regions, it plays an important ecological role as a seed disperser and insect predator. Its longevity and adaptability make it an interesting subject for researchers.
Greater rhea
Rhea americana
The greater rhea is a large flightless bird in the family Rheidae, standing 1.4–1.7 m tall and weighing 20–27 kg, with grey plumage and a long neck. It inhabits grasslands, savannas and wet meadows of South America, feeding on plants, seeds, insects and small vertebrates. During the breeding season, males dig shallow nests in the ground and alone incubate the 20–40 eggs laid by multiple females.
Greater One-horned Rhinoceros
Rhinocéros unicornis
The Indian Rhinoceros, also known as the one-horned rhinoceros, is a large species of rhinoceros found primarily in the Indian subcontinent, particularly in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Bhutan. It measures about 3.5 to 4 meters in length, with a tail of 60 to 70 cm, and weighs between 2,200 and 3,000 kg. This rhinoceros is easily recognized by its thick, wrinkled skin, with a single horn located on its nose. It primarily feeds on grasses, leaves, and fruits, and lives in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, wetlands, and riverine forests. While its population has long been threatened by poaching and habitat loss, thanks to conservation efforts, the Indian Rhinoceros has experienced some recovery, but it remains vulnerable.
Golden-crowned kinglet
Regulus regulus
The golden-crowned kinglet is an incredibly small bird found mainly in dense coniferous forests across Europe and Asia. It is distinguished by its tiny size, olive-green plumage, and the bright yellow patch on its head. This passerine bird is an excellent acrobat, often seen hopping between branches searching for insects and small arachnids. The golden-crowned kinglet is a discreet but highly energetic bird, known for its lively behavior and ability to forage in tight spaces.
Great reed warbler
Acrocephalus arundinaceus
The great reed warbler is an insectivorous passerine and the largest of the European reed warblers, measuring 18.5–20 cm in length with a 24–27 cm wingspan and weighing 25–38 g. It has unstreaked brown upperparts, buffish-white underparts and a pale supercilium. It inhabits dense reed beds, marshes and waterside vegetation, feeding mainly on insects, spiders and small amphibians.
Garganey
Spatula querquedula
The Garganey is a small dabbling duck measuring between 37 and 41 cm in length with a wingspan of 59 to 67 cm. The breeding male is characterized by a broad white crescent over a reddish-brown head, finely vermiculated gray flanks, and gray-blue scapulars. The female has a cryptic brown-beige plumage with three longitudinal facial stripes. This species inhabits marshes, ponds, and floodplain meadows rich in aquatic vegetation, generally avoiding brackish waters. It feeds mainly on seeds, aquatic plants, mollusks, insects, and small crustaceans. Strictly migratory, it breeds in Europe and western Asia, wintering in sub-Saharan Africa, India, and Southeast Asia. Although listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, it is locally vulnerable due to the loss of wetland habitats.
Golden snub-nosed monkey
Rhinopithecus roxellana
The Golden Monkey, also known as the Roxellana Rhinopithecus, is a medium-sized primate found primarily in the mountains of China, particularly in the provinces of Sichuan and Gansu. It measures about 55 to 70 cm in length, with a tail of 50 to 60 cm, and weighs between 10 and 15 kg. Its fur is a bright golden color, with reddish hues and long hair around the face that forms a kind of mane. The Golden Monkey is primarily herbivorous, feeding on leaves, fruits, seeds, and occasionally small insects. It lives in organized social groups and is often observed in mountainous forests at high altitudes. While it is protected in certain regions, this species is threatened by habitat loss, deforestation, and poaching, which has led to a decline in its population.
Geoffroy's spider monkey
Ateles geoffroyi
The Geoffroy's Spider Monkey is a medium-sized primate primarily found in the tropical forests of Mexico and Central America. It typically measures about 50 to 60 cm in length, with a prehensile tail of around 70 to 80 cm, and weighs between 10 and 20 kg. Its fur is generally brown or black, with lighter spots on the belly and legs. The Geoffroy's Spider Monkey has a highly flexible and prehensile tail, which it uses to grasp tree branches and move easily through the forest canopy. It is primarily herbivorous, feeding on fruits, leaves, flowers, and sometimes small insects. These monkeys live in organized social groups and are primarily active during the day. While they are relatively numerous, they are threatened by deforestation and loss of their natural habitat.
Giant Anteater
Myrmecophaga tridactyla
The Giant Anteater, also known as the Myrmecophaga tridactyla, is a large insectivorous mammal primarily found in the tropical forests and savannas of South America, notably in Brazil, Guyana, Argentina, and Venezuela. It measures between 1.7 and 2.2 meters in length, with a tail of 60 to 90 cm, and weighs between 25 and 40 kg. Its fur is generally light gray or brown, and it has a long cylindrical snout, as well as an extremely long tongue that can reach up to 60 cm in length, which it uses to catch ants and termites. The Giant Anteater is a nocturnal animal, primarily feeding on ants, termites, and other insects found in nests. While it is an excellent digger and climber, it is threatened by habitat loss and illegal hunting.
Golden lion tamarin
Leontopithecus rosalia
The Golden Lion Tamarin is a small primate found primarily in the tropical forests of southeastern Brazil. It typically measures about 20 to 30 cm in length, with a tail of 35 to 45 cm, and weighs between 500 and 700 g. Its fur is a bright golden orange, giving it a distinctive and striking appearance. The Golden Lion Tamarin is known for its small size, great agility, and complex social behaviors. It lives in family groups and primarily feeds on fruits, insects, nectar, and small vertebrates. Although it is an excellent climber and spends most of its time in trees, this species is threatened by deforestation, habitat loss, and illegal wildlife trade.
Giant armadillo
Priodontes maximus
The Giant Armadillo is the largest of the armadillos, found primarily in the tropical forests of South America, notably in Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina. It typically measures between 1.5 and 2 meters in length, including its tail, and can weigh up to 60 kg. Its fur is rough and brown, and it has a hard shell, typical of armadillos, which serves as protection against predators. The Giant Armadillo is primarily nocturnal and terrestrial, feeding mainly on insects, worms, fruits, and roots. While it is an excellent burrower, it is threatened by illegal hunting and habitat destruction, leading to a decline in its population.
Galápagos tortoise
Chelonoidis nigra
The Galápagos tortoise is an iconic species of the Galápagos Islands, famous for its massive size, reaching sometimes more than 1.5 meters in length. These tortoises primarily live on the volcanic islands of the archipelago, feeding on vegetation, cactus, and fallen fruits. It is a solitary species that can live for over 100 years. While not immediately endangered, it remains threatened by the introduction of non-native species and the destruction of its natural habitat.
Greek tortoise
Testudo graeca
The Greek tortoise is a terrestrial species of tortoise native to the Mediterranean regions, particularly Greece, Turkey, and neighboring countries. It is easily recognized by its light brown to yellow shell, often marked with black patterns. The Greek tortoise is herbivorous, feeding primarily on plants, flowers, and vegetables. It lives in dry habitats such as rocky hills and meadows, and is well adapted to a hot and dry climate. This reptile is slow and discreet, spending much of its life hidden under bushes or rocks.
Green sea turtle
Chelonia mydas
The Green Sea Turtle is a large marine turtle found primarily in the warm and tropical waters worldwide, notably in the Caribbean, Pacific, Indian Ocean, and along the coasts of many tropical islands. It can reach a length of 1 to 1.5 meters and weigh between 150 and 200 kg, although some individuals can be even heavier. Its name comes from the green color of its body fat. The Green Sea Turtle primarily feeds on seagrasses and aquatic plants, which distinguishes it from other carnivorous sea turtles. It is also an excellent swimmer and can travel long distances between its breeding sites and feeding grounds. While its population has declined due to habitat loss, poaching, and ocean pollution, it benefits from numerous conservation efforts and is protected in many countries.
Griffon Vulture
Gyps fulvus
The Griffon Vulture is a large bird of prey found primarily in the mountains, hills, and rocky areas of Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It typically measures between 93 and 110 cm in length, with a wingspan of 2.5 to 2.8 meters, and weighs between 6 and 12 kg. Its plumage is mainly light brown, with white feathers around its neck and head, and a large area of bare skin on the neck. The Griffon Vulture is a scavenger, primarily feeding on animal carcasses. It plays a crucial role in the ecosystem by cleaning up carcasses and preventing the spread of diseases. While its population has declined in some regions, the Griffon Vulture benefits from conservation programs, but it remains threatened by habitat loss, illegal hunting, and poisoning.
Gaboon viper
Bitis gabonica
The Gaboon viper, Bitis gabonica, is a venomous snake known for its impressive size and striking appearance. It can grow up to two meters long and is renowned for its intricate color patterns that allow it to blend seamlessly into the leaf litter of its forest habitat. Its fangs are among the longest of any venomous snake, and its venom can be deadly to humans. Primarily nocturnal, it preys on small mammals, birds, and occasionally reptiles. Although feared, it is generally not aggressive and prefers to avoid confrontation. Its presence is an indicator of healthy African forest ecosystems.
Grevy’s Zebra
Equus grevyi
The Grevy's Zebra is a species of zebra found primarily in the savannas and grasslands of East Africa, notably in Ethiopia and Kenya. It typically measures about 2.5 meters in length, with a shoulder height of 1.5 to 1.6 meters, and weighs between 350 and 450 kg. Its coat is characterized by narrow and tightly spaced stripes, which are generally finer than those of other zebras. It has a longer and narrower head compared to other zebra species, with long, pointed ears. The Grevy's Zebra primarily feeds on grasses and vegetation, and lives in complex social groups, often led by a dominant mare. Although its population is declining due to habitat loss and poaching, it is protected by conservation programs in some areas.